Carbonari
Topic: The Rise of Nationalism in Europe · NCERT: Class 10, Ch 1 "The Rise of Nationalism in Europe"
Meaning
The Carbonari were a secret revolutionary society in Italy in the early 19th century. Their name means 'charcoal burners'. After 1815, conservative rulers punished open protest, so liberal nationalists formed secret groups like this one. The Carbonari opposed the order set up at Vienna in 1815, and they wanted liberty, constitutions and a free, united Italy.
Example
The young Giuseppe Mazzini, born in Genoa in 1805, joined the Carbonari. In 1831 he was sent into exile for trying to start a revolution in Liguria. He later founded Young Italy in Marseilles.
Don't confuse with
- Young Italy: Mazzini started this society after he left the Carbonari. It had a clearer aim: one united Italian republic.
Related concepts
- Treaty of Vienna
- Concert of Europe
- Holy Alliance 1815
- Metternich
- Conservatism
- Giuseppe Mazzini
- Young Italy