Jayaprakash Narayan
Also called: JP, Lok Nayak · Topic: The National Movement: Gandhian Era · NCERT: Class 10, Ch 2 "Nationalism in India"; Class 12, Ch 3 "Mahatma Gandhi and the Nationalist Movement"
Meaning
Jayaprakash Narayan (1902–79), known as JP or "Lok Nayak" (people's leader), was a socialist leader of the national movement. He was a founder of the Congress Socialist Party in 1934. He is best known for leading underground resistance during the Quit India movement, meaning secret action carried out after the senior leaders were in jail. In the 1970s he led a mass movement against Indira Gandhi's government.
Example
The Quit India resolution was passed on 8 August 1942, and the top Congress leaders were jailed at once. JP escaped from Hazaribagh jail in November 1942. He then worked underground with socialists like Aruna Asaf Ali and Ram Manohar Lohia to keep the movement going.
Don't confuse with
- Acharya Narendra Dev: he was also a founder of the Congress Socialist Party, but JP is the one remembered as the hero of the underground struggle in 1942.
Related concepts
- Provincial elections of 1937
- Congress ministries 1937-39
- Wardha scheme of basic education
- Congress Socialist Party
- Haripura session 1938
- Tripuri crisis 1939
- Forward Bloc
- Second World War
- Lord Linlithgow
- Resignation of Congress ministries