Tolstoy Farm
Topic: The National Movement: Gandhian Era · NCERT: Beyond NCERT
Meaning
Tolstoy Farm was a cooperative settlement near Johannesburg, South Africa. Gandhi set it up in 1910 with his German friend Hermann Kallenbach, who gave the land. It was named after the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy, whose ideas on simple living and non-violence Gandhi admired. Residents shared work, grew food and lived simply. It trained people in the self-discipline that satyagraha needed.
Example
During the satyagraha in the Transvaal, many protesters were sent to jail. Their families were brought to live at Tolstoy Farm. This saved money and kept the campaign going.
Don't confuse with
- Phoenix Settlement: Gandhi founded this earlier, in 1904, near Durban. It was inspired by Ruskin and it printed Indian Opinion.
Related concepts
- Mahatma Gandhi
- Gandhi in South Africa
- Natal Indian Congress
- Indian Opinion
- Phoenix Settlement
- Indian National Congress
- Moderates
- Extremists
- Lal Bal Pal
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak