Data centre capacity in the country has grown from 375 MW in 2020 to more than 1500 MW

1. At a Glance

Data centres = facilities housing servers, storage, networking for hosting/processing digital workloads; classified as critical digital infrastructure by MeitY [S2].
India's installed DC capacity has quadrupled in five years — from ~375 MW (2020) to >1500 MW (2025) — reflecting cloud, AI, data-localisation and 5G demand [S1][S2].
Nodal ministry: Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology (MeitY) [S2]; sector spans Prelims (S&T, Economy) and Mains GS-III (infrastructure, cyberspace).

PIB release dated 18 March 2026 by MeitY: DC capacity crossed 1500 MW, with 4 submarine cable systems being commissioned at Cable Landing Stations (CLS) and 3 more under planning [S2].
Reaffirms India's pitch to be a global cloud & DC hub under the Digital India vision [S2].

2020: Installed DC capacity ~375 MW; MeitY released Draft Data Centre Policy for stakeholder comments [S4].
2020–22: TRAI recommendations on "Regulatory Framework for Promoting Data Economy through Data Centres, CDNs and Interconnect Exchanges" (2022) [S3].
2023: TRAI recommendations on Licensing Framework & Regulatory Mechanism for Submarine Cable Landing in India [S3].
2024: International Advisory Body formed to strengthen resilience of submarine telecom cables [S3].
2025: Capacity touches >1500 MW; Draft National Data Centre Policy targets additional 2000 MW by 2027 [S1].

Nodal Ministry: MeitY [S2].
Regulator (telecom/CLS): TRAI under TRAI Act, 1997; data-protection backbone: Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (context).
Capacity: 375 MW (2020) → 1500+ MW (2025); draft target +2000 MW by 2027 [S1][S2].
Cable Landing Stations host: Mumbai, Chennai, Kochi, Tuticorin, Trivandrum — ~17 international subsea cables across 14 CLS [S3].
State Data Centre (SDC) Scheme: MeitY-funded under National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) for state-level consolidation of govt IT infra [S4].
Incentives recommended by TRAI: capital/interest subsidy, ≥75% central share for states with low DC footprint; GST + customs duty exemption on CLS/submarine O&M goods [S3].

Economic — DC industry attracts hyperscaler capex (AWS, Microsoft, Google, Adani, Yotta, CtrlS); enables IT/ITeS export competitiveness; coastal states (Gujarat IT/ITeS Policy 2022-27 cited as model) compete via subsidies [S3].
Strategic / Geopolitical — 17 subsea cables carry >95% of India's international internet traffic; resilience is a national-security concern, prompting the 2024 International Advisory Body on cable protection [S3].
Scientific / Technological — Push for energy-efficient, green data centres using renewables; alignment with AI compute mission [S1].
Legal / Regulatory — TRAI recommends easing Right of Way charges, customs bonds for cable-repair vessels, SEZ-like status for "Cable Depots" [S3]; DPDP Act, 2023 drives data localisation demand.
Federal / Administrative — Concentration in Mumbai/Chennai; central guidelines proposed to incentivise DC Parks in under-served states with ≥75% central funding [S3].

18 Mar 2026 — PIB/MeitY release: capacity > 1500 MW; 4 submarine cable systems under commissioning, 3 under planning [S2].
2025 — MeitY's Draft National Data Centre Policy circulated targeting +2000 MW by 2027 [S1].
2024 — Formation of International Advisory Body on Submarine Cable Resilience (>200 global cable repairs reported that year) [S3].

DC capacity grew from 375 MW (2020) to >1500 MW (2025) [S2].
Nodal ministry: MeitY, not Ministry of Communications [S2].
4 submarine cable systems being commissioned; 3 under planning (as of Mar 2026) [S2].
India has ~17 international subsea cables across 14 CLS [S3].
CLS-host cities: Mumbai, Chennai, Kochi, Tuticorin, Trivandrum [S3].
Draft National Data Centre Policy target: +2000 MW by 2027 [S1].
State Data Centre (SDC) scheme operates under National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) via MeitY [S4].
TRAI 2023 paper: "Licensing Framework for Submarine Cable Landing in India" [S3].
Submarine cable regulator: TRAI; statute: TRAI Act, 1997 [S3].
Gujarat IT/ITeS Policy 2022-27 cited as model for CLS incentives [S3].

GS-III — Infrastructure (digital); Science & Tech; Internal Security (cable resilience, data sovereignty).
GS-II — Government policies; Centre-State (concentration of DCs in few states).
Probable stems: 1. "India's data centre capacity has quadrupled since 2020. Examine the policy and infrastructural ecosystem driving this growth and the strategic risks of concentration." (GS-III) 2. "Submarine cables are the silent arteries of India's digital economy. Discuss the regulatory and security challenges in their protection." (GS-III) 3. "Critically evaluate the draft National Data Centre Policy in the context of data localisation under the DPDP Act, 2023." (GS-II/III)

Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 — drives data-localisation demand for DCs.
National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) & State Data Centres — public-sector DC backbone.
Bharat 6G Vision & 5G rollout — edge-DC demand driver.
IndiaAI Mission (2024) — GPU/compute infrastructure overlap.
Submarine Cable Resilience / CANI & Kochi-Lakshadweep cables — connectivity infra.
TRAI Act, 1997 — regulatory framework for CLS licensing.
Semiconductor Mission (SPECS, DLI) — adjacent hardware-stack policy.
Green hydrogen / RE-100 — for sustainable DC energy sourcing.

DC policy is under MeitY, not DoT (DoT handles licensing of CLS access providers, not DC capacity policy).
TRAI recommends; licensing decision rests with DoT/Govt — TRAI is not the licensor.
Confusing State Data Centre (SDC) scheme (govt e-gov infra) with commercial hyperscaler DCs.
The 1500 MW figure is installed capacity, not under-construction pipeline (industry pipeline projections are higher).
Capacity figure refers to 2025, announced in March 2026 PIB release — not a 2026 figure.

[S1] Data centre capacity in the country has increased from about 375 MW in 2020 to around 1500 MW by 2025 — https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseDetail.aspx?PRID=2239616&reg=6&lang=1 — (tier 1)
[S2] Data centre capacity in the country has grown from 375 MW in 2020 to more than 1500 MW — https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2241783 — (tier 1)
[S3] TRAI recommendations on Submarine Cable Landing & Data Economy; International Advisory Body on Submarine Cable Resilience — https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1933678 ; https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2081003 ; https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1877179 — (tier 1)
[S4] MeitY — State Data Centre Policy Guidelines — https://www.meity.gov.in/content/policy-guidelines-state-data-centre-sdc — (tier 1)