16 April 2026·PIB

Financial Intelligence Unit-India and Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority sign MoU to combat money laundering and financial crimes

In this note

1. At a Glance

Bilateral MoU between Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND) and Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA) for information sharing and coordinated action against money laundering and terror financing in the pension sector [1].
Extends India's "regulator-FIU MoU" template (already executed with IRDAI, NHB, etc.) to the National Pension System (NPS) and Atal Pension Yojana (APY) ecosystem [1][4][5].
Relevant for GS-III (Internal Security – Money Laundering; Economy – Financial Regulators) and Prelims (PMLA architecture, statutory bodies).

On 16 April 2026, FIU-IND and PFRDA signed a comprehensive MoU at New Delhi [1].
Signed by Shri Amit Mohan Govil, Director, FIU-IND and Shri Randip Singh Jagpal, Whole-Time Member, PFRDA, in the presence of Shri Sivasubramanian Ramann, Chairperson, PFRDA [1].

FIU-IND set up on 18 November 2004 by GoI as the central national agency for receiving, processing, analysing and disseminating information on suspect financial transactions; reports to the Economic Intelligence Council (EIC) chaired by the Union Finance Minister [2].
PMLA, 2002 with Rules notified came into force on 1 July 2005; obligates banks, FIs and intermediaries to verify client identity, maintain records, and file CTRs/STRs to FIU-IND [2].
PFRDA — Interim authority created 23 August 2003; became statutory under the PFRDA Act, 2013 (No. 23 of 2013) enacted 19 September 2013, in force 1 February 2014 [3][6].
Earlier analogous FIU-IND MoUs: IRDAI [4] and National Housing Bank (NHB) [5] — the PFRDA pact completes coverage of major financial-sector regulators.

Parent Ministry (both bodies): Ministry of Finance, Department of Revenue (FIU-IND) and Department of Financial Services (PFRDA) [2][3].
Enabling statute for FIU-IND functions: Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002; relevant Section 12 (record-keeping) and Section 13 (penalties on Reporting Entities) [2][7].
Enabling statute for PFRDA: PFRDA Act, 2013 [3][6].
Schemes under PFRDA scope: NPS and APY [3].
Purpose of MoU: enhance information sharing, joint outreach & training of regulated/reporting entities, upgrade AML/CFT (Anti-Money Laundering / Combating Financing of Terrorism) capabilities [1].
Signatories on record: Govil (FIU-IND), Jagpal (PFRDA WTM); witnessed by Ramann (PFRDA Chair) [1].

Legal / Regulatory
Operationalises PMLA Sec. 12/13 obligations within the pension intermediary chain (Pension Funds, POPs, CRAs, Trustee Bank) [2][7].
Aligns India with FATF Recommendation 2 (national cooperation among competent authorities) — pertinent post India's 2024 FATF Mutual Evaluation.
Economic / Financial
NPS AUM has crossed multi-lakh-crore scale; widening pension coverage raises AML risk via cash subscriptions in APY — MoU plugs surveillance gap [3].
Administrative / Governance
Cross-regulator data flow reduces siloed supervision; FIU-IND becomes a single analytic hub for banking (RBI), markets (SEBI), insurance (IRDAI), housing finance (NHB) and now pensions (PFRDA) [4][5].
Strategic / Security
Tightens financial-crime perimeter against terror-financing channels exploiting low-KYC micro-pension products.
Ethical
Balances subscriber privacy against information-sharing mandates under PMLA — emphasises lawful, purpose-bound exchange.

16 April 2026 — FIU-IND–PFRDA MoU signed [1].
2025 — FIU-IND–IRDAI MoU on coordination & information exchange [4].
2025 — FIU-IND–NHB MoU [5].
March 2024 — FIU-IND imposed ₹5.49 crore penalty on Paytm Payments Bank under PMLA [S7-context via S2].
FIU-IND issued show-cause notices to offshore Virtual Digital Asset Service Providers under PMLA Sec. 13 [2].

FIU-IND established on 18 November 2004 [2].
FIU-IND reports to the Economic Intelligence Council, chaired by the Union Finance Minister [2].
PMLA, 2002 in force from 1 July 2005 [2].
PFRDA Act, 2013 — Act No. 23 of 2013; commenced 1 February 2014 [3][6].
Interim PFRDA established on 23 August 2003 [3].
Schemes regulated by PFRDA: NPS and APY [3].
FIU-IND–PFRDA MoU signed on 16 April 2026 [1].
Director, FIU-IND (signatory): Amit Mohan Govil; PFRDA Chairperson: Sivasubramanian Ramann [1].
AML/CFT = Anti-Money Laundering / Combating Financing of Terrorism [1].
Reporting entities' obligations (KYC, record-keeping, STR/CTR) flow from Section 12, PMLA [2].
FIU-IND already has MoUs with IRDAI [4] and NHB [5].
PFRDA is under jurisdiction of Ministry of Finance [3].

GS-III — Internal Security: "Money laundering and its prevention"; Economy: "Financial regulators / pension sector reforms".
GS-II — Statutory bodies; inter-agency coordination.
Probable stems: 1. "Inter-regulator information sharing has become central to India's AML/CFT architecture. Examine with reference to recent FIU-IND MoUs." 2. "Discuss the institutional framework under PMLA, 2002 and assess FIU-IND's effectiveness." 3. "Pension sector growth in India brings both inclusion gains and financial-crime risks. Comment."

PMLA, 2002 architecture — ED, FIU-IND, Adjudicating Authority, Appellate Tribunal.
FATF & India's 2024 Mutual Evaluation Report — peer review benchmarks.
NPS & Atal Pension Yojana — design, subscriber base, regulatory issues.
IRDAI, SEBI, RBI, NHB — for comparative regulator mapping.
Economic Intelligence Council — apex coordination body in MoF.
Virtual Digital Assets & PMLA notification (March 2023) — expanding "reporting entity" definition.
UAPA & PMLA interface — for terror-financing prosecutions.
Egmont Group of FIUs — international cooperation forum.

Parent ministry confusion: FIU-IND is under Department of Revenue, MoF — not MHA or ED.
FIU-IND ≠ Enforcement Directorate: FIU is the analytic/intelligence node; ED investigates and prosecutes under PMLA.
PFRDA Act year trap: enacted 2013, enforced 2014; interim body existed from 2003.
APY is administered via PFRDA, not EPFO or LIC.
The MoU is administrative, not statutory — it does not amend PMLA or PFRDA Act.
Signatory titles: PFRDA signatory was Whole-Time Member, not Chairperson (who was only a witness) [1].