INDEX OF EIGHT CORE INDUSTRIES (BASE YEAR: 2011-12=100) FOR APRIL, 2026

1. At a Glance

• Index of Eight Core Industries (ICI) is a monthly production index tracking 8 infrastructure-supportive industries: Coal, Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Refinery Products, Fertilizers, Steel, Cement, Electricity [S1].
• Released by the Office of the Economic Adviser (OEA), Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce & Industry; lead indicator of Index of Industrial Production (IIP) [S1][S2].
• Combined weight in IIP = 40.27%; current base year 2011-12 = 100 [S2].
• April 2026 print = +1.7% (provisional) YoY — a soft start to FY 2026-27 [S1].

2. Why in the News

• PIB released the April 2026 ICI on 20 May 2026, showing combined growth of 1.7% YoY versus April 2025 [S1].
• Final growth for March 2026 revised to 1.2% [S1].
• Only 3 of 8 sectors — Cement, Steel, Electricity — recorded positive growth in April 2026; the remaining five contracted, indicating a deceleration in infrastructure-linked output [S1].

3. Background & Evolution

• ICI launched by OEA, Ministry of Commerce & Industry; originally with base 1993-94, revised to 2004-05, then to current 2011-12=100 in line with IIP rebasing [S2].
• Number of constituent industries expanded over time from 6 to 8 (Fertilizers and Steel added in successive revisions) [S2].
• Compiling agency historically under DIPP, renamed DPIIT in 2019 [S2].

4. Core Static Facts

• Releasing body: Office of the Economic Adviser, DPIIT, Ministry of Commerce & Industry [S2].
• Base year: 2011-12 = 100 [S1][S2].
• Frequency: Monthly; released with a lag of about one month (April data released 20 May 2026) [S1].
• Combined weight in IIP: 40.27% [S1][S2].
• Individual weights (base 2011-12) in descending order [S2]:
• Refinery Products — 28.04%
• Electricity — 19.85%
• Steel — 17.92%
• Coal — 10.33%
• Crude Oil — 8.98%
• Natural Gas — 6.88%
• Cement — 5.37%
• Fertilizers — 2.63%
• April 2026 print: +1.7% YoY (provisional) [S1].
• March 2026 final: +1.2% [S1].
• Cumulative ICI growth FY 2025-26 (Apr–Mar): 2.7% [S1][S3].
• Positive sectors in April 2026: Cement, Steel, Electricity [S1].

5. Multi-Dimensional Analysis

Economic - ICI is a high-frequency lead indicator of industrial momentum; 1.7% in April 2026 signals subdued capex/infra demand at start of FY27 [S1]. - Together with IIP (40.27% weight), it drives manufacturing GVA estimates in quarterly GDP [S2]. - Contraction in Coal, Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Refinery, Fertilizers weakens input-side momentum for downstream manufacturing [S1].

Administrative - Compilation by OEA-DPIIT (not MoSPI) — a frequent factual trap; IIP itself is compiled by NSO/MoSPI [S2]. - Data sourced from line ministries (Coal, Petroleum & Natural Gas, Steel, Fertilizers, Power) [S2].

Scientific/Statistical - Index is a Laspeyres-type weighted arithmetic mean of production relatives; weights derived from Gross Value Added (GVA) shares of 2011-12 [S2]. - Provisional → Revised → Final cycle (one month for provisional, finalised after a quarter) [S1].

Environmental - Six of eight industries are energy/emissions-intensive (coal, oil, gas, refining, steel, cement); ICI dynamics correlate with India's emissions trajectory and NDC pathway [S1].

6. Recent Developments (last 12–18 months)

• 20 May 2026 — April 2026 ICI provisional growth 1.7% released [S1].
• March 2026 — Final growth revised to 1.2% [S1].
• FY 2025-26 cumulative — 2.7%, a marked slowdown from FY 2024-25 [S1][S3].
• Earlier monthly prints across Sep–Dec 2025 issued by PIB show progressive deceleration culminating in single-digit-low prints by April 2026 [S3].

7. Prelims Hooks

• ICI base year = 2011-12 (revised from 2004-05) [S2].
• 8 industries; combined IIP weight = 40.27% [S1][S2].
• Highest weight: Refinery Products (28.04%); lowest: Fertilizers (2.63%) [S2].
• Released by Office of the Economic Adviser, DPIIT, Ministry of Commerce & Industry — NOT MoSPI [S2].
• IIP is released by NSO under MoSPI — distinct from ICI [S2].
• April 2026 combined growth = +1.7% provisional [S1].
• Sectors with positive growth in April 2026: Cement, Steel, Electricity only [S1].
• March 2026 final ICI growth = 1.2% [S1].
• Cumulative FY 2025-26 ICI growth = 2.7% [S1][S3].
• ICI is a Laspeyres weighted index with GVA-based weights [S2].
• Electricity weight (19.85%) > Steel (17.92%) > Coal (10.33%) [S2].
• Eight industries currently included: Coal, Crude Oil, Natural Gas, Refinery Products, Fertilizers, Steel, Cement, Electricity [S1].

8. Mains Relevance

• GS-III: Indian Economy — Growth & Development; Infrastructure; Industrial policy.
• Possible stems: 1. "The Index of Eight Core Industries is a lead indicator of India's industrial cycle but covers less than half the IIP. Examine its utility and limitations." (GS-III) 2. "Discuss how deceleration in core industries growth in FY 2025-26 reflects structural challenges in India's infrastructure-linked manufacturing." (GS-III) 3. "The composition of ICI is skewed toward energy-intensive sectors. Analyse implications for India's low-carbon transition." (GS-III, Environment overlap).

9. Related Topics to Study Next

• Index of Industrial Production (IIP) — parent index; ICI is its lead sub-aggregate.
• National Statistical Office (NSO) / MoSPI — IIP compiler; contrasts with OEA-DPIIT for ICI.
• PMI Manufacturing (S&P Global) — alternate high-frequency indicator.
• Gross Value Added (GVA) methodology — basis of ICI weights.
• National Industrial Classification (NIC) 2008 — classification used.
• PLI Scheme & Make in India — policy levers affecting core industries.
• National Steel Policy 2017 / NMP 2031 — sector linkage with Steel & Cement weights.
• Energy mix & NDCs — environmental cross-link with coal/oil/gas/refinery sub-indices.

10. Common Errors / Trap Areas

• Wrongly attributing ICI release to MoSPI / NSO — it is OEA, DPIIT, Ministry of Commerce & Industry [S2].
• Confusing ICI weight in IIP (40.27%) with the IIP's manufacturing weight.
• Listing 9 industries by mistakenly adding "Mining"; ICI is exactly 8 [S1].
• Quoting 2004-05 as base year — outdated; current base is 2011-12 [S2].
• Assuming Coal has the highest weight; correct order is Refinery Products > Electricity > Steel > Coal [S2].

11. Sources

• [S1] INDEX OF EIGHT CORE INDUSTRIES (BASE YEAR: 2011-12=100) FOR APRIL, 2026 — https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2263287 — (tier: 1)
• [S2] A Note on Index of Eight Core Industries (ICI), Base year 2011-12, Office of the Economic Adviser — https://eaindustry.nic.in/eight_core_infra/ICI_Compilation_Methodology.pdf — (tier: 1)
• [S3] PIB monthly ICI releases (Sep 2025, Nov 2025, Dec 2025, Jan 2026, Mar 2026) — https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2230777 — (tier: 1)