Quantum Technology — National Quantum Mission for UPSC

The National Quantum Mission (NQM, approved 2023, ₹6,003 crore, 2023–31) is a high-probability Prelims topic. Expect questions on the nodal ministry (DST), the four Thematic Hubs (quantum computing, communication, sensing & metrology, materials & devices) and their host institutions (IISc, IIT-Madras, IIT-Bombay, IIT-Delhi), mission targets (intermediate-scale quantum computers of 50–1000 physical qubits, satellite-based secure quantum communication over 2000 km), and India's place among countries with a national quantum initiative (US, China, Canada, France, Finland, Austria).

GS areas: S&T, IR

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    The notification of Borjuli site in Sonitpur, Assam as a Biodiversity Heritage Site under an NRAA-funded wild rice conservation project is a named, verifiable fact. Biodiversity Heritage Sites and wild crop genetic resource conservation are tested Prelims topics.

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    A named NITI Aayog report on Ayurveda's global expansion is testable as a policy document. NITI Aayog reports, AYUSH sector initiatives, and traditional medicine diplomacy are recurring Prelims themes; the report's launch date and authoring body are clean factual hooks.

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    A named Indian Navy anti-piracy operation with specific ship (INS Trikand — identified as a stealth frigate), vessel flag state (St. Vincent and the Grenadines), and location (Gulf of Aden) offers testable facts. India's maritime security operations are plausible Prelims hooks but appear occasionally, not frequently.

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