Welfare Schemes — DBT, Aadhaar-linked delivery for UPSC
DBT architecture (JAM trinity, PFMS, APBS, NPCI mapper) and the Aadhaar Act 2016 + 2019 amendment (voluntary use by private entities post-Puttaswamy) are recurring Prelims ground. Examiners trap on which schemes are DBT vs in-kind (PDS food grains are DBT "in-kind"), and on flagship coverage — PM-KISAN, MGNREGS wages, LPG (PAHAL, world's largest DBT), scholarships, and Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY eligibility via SECC 2011.
GS areas: Polity, Economy, Society